Justice Thomas wrote in his dissent to the Supreme Court's denying certiorari in the highway memorial crosses case of Utah Highway Patrol Association v. American Atheists on October 31, 2011:
"[T]he [Supreme] Court rejects an opportunity to provide clarity to an Establishment Clause jurisprudence in shambles... Because our jurisprudence has confounded the lower courts and rendered the constitutionality of displays of religious imagery on government property anyone’s guess, I would grant certiorari... Even if the Court does not share my view that the Establishment Clause restrains only the Federal Government, and that, even if incorporated, the Clause only prohibits ‘actual legal coercion,’ the Court should be deeply troubled by what its Establishment Clause jurisprudence has wrought... [T]his Cour[t]...[has failed] to apply the correct standard — or at least a clear, workable standard — for adjudicating challenges to government action under the Establishment Clause. Government officials, not to mention everyday people who wish to celebrate or commemorate an occasion with a public display that contains religious elements, cannot afford to guess whether a federal court, applying our 'jurisprudence of minutiae,' (KENNEDY, J.), will conclude that a given display is sufficiently secular."
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